Probabilistic Interpretation and Random Walk on Spheres Algorithms for the Poisson-boltzmann Equation in Molecular Dynamics
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چکیده
Motivated by the development of efficient Monte Carlo methods for PDE models in molecular dynamics, we establish a new probabilistic interpretation of a family of divergence form operators with discontinuous coefficients at the interface of two open subsets of R. This family of operators includes the case of the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation used to compute the electrostatic free energy of a molecule. More precisely, we explicitly construct a Markov process whose infinitesimal generator belongs to this family, as the solution of a SDE including a non standard local time term related to the interface of discontinuity. We then prove an extended Feynman-Kac formula for the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. This formula allows us to justify various probabilistic numerical methods to approximate the free energy of a molecule. We analyse the convergence rate of these simulation procedures and numerically compare them on idealized molecules models. Résumé. Motivés par le développement de méthodes de Monte-Carlo efficaces pour des équations aux dérivées partielles en dynamique moléculaire, nous établissons une nouvelle interprétation probabiliste d’une famille d’opérateurs sous forme divergence et à coefficients discontinus le long de l’interface de deux ouverts de R. Cette famille d’opérateurs inclut le cas de l’équation de Poisson-Boltzmann linearisée utilisée pour le calcul de l’énergie libre électrostatique d’une molécule. Plus précisément, nous construisons explicitement un processus de Markov dont le générateur infinitésimal appartient à cette famille d’opérateurs, en résolvant une équation différentielle stochastique avec un terme de temps local non standard défini à partir de l’interface de discontinuité. Nous étendons ensuite la formule de Feynman-Kac à l’équation de Poisson-Boltzmann. Cette formule nous permet de justifier plusieurs algorithmes probabilistes approchant l’énergie libre d’une molécule. Nous analysons la vitesse de convergence de ces procédures de simulation et nous les comparons numériquement sur des modèles de molécules idéalisées. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35Q60,92C40,60J60,65C05,65C20,68U20.
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تاریخ انتشار 2010